{"id":2258,"date":"2019-12-27T15:31:30","date_gmt":"2019-12-27T14:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/uncategorized\/edge-computing-5g-performance\/"},"modified":"2021-12-23T14:25:12","modified_gmt":"2021-12-23T13:25:12","slug":"edge-computing-5g-performance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/devops\/cloud\/edge-computing-5g-performance\/","title":{"rendered":"5G: Edge computing is the key to performances"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Edge computing is the key enabler for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f4f6a1a5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> and its cloud-based structure. The experts of CNIT (Italian Inter-University Center for Telecoms) explained why at the <strong><span id=\"urn:enhancement-11f90594\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> Italy event<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This new approach is very challenging to explain, so let&#8217;s start with a short list of bullet points. Andrea Detti (University of Rome &#8211; <span id=\"urn:enhancement-221a0099\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-organisation\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/university_of_rome_tor_vergata\">Tor Vergata<\/span>) summarized the technical similarities between cloud and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-fe37641a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> in three key points:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span id=\"urn:enhancement-d8f5bc62\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span>, which splits <span id=\"urn:enhancement-431668f3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/radio\">radio<\/span> and processing units, has a lot in common with the structure of the Web itself;<\/li>\n<li><span id=\"urn:enhancement-ef4f6356\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> no longer relies on nodes, but on functions: it needs underlying cloud computing;<\/li>\n<li>more technically, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-3ff1ea1d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span>-related software uses a Rest-based approach on open <span id=\"urn:enhancement-92ba36d1\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/application_programming_interface\">APIs<\/span> that are ready to use on Github through Docker containers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"image regular \"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5G-cloud-IoT_b970e78f35d127445511bdc0d7930066_800.png 1x, https:\/\/images.storychief.com\/account_16344\/5G-cloud-IoT_b970e78f35d127445511bdc0d7930066_1600.png 2x\" media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5G-cloud-IoT_b970e78f35d127445511bdc0d7930066_800.png 1x, https:\/\/images.storychief.com\/account_16344\/5G-cloud-IoT_b970e78f35d127445511bdc0d7930066_1600.png 2x\" media=\"(min-width: 769px)\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5G-cloud-IoT_b970e78f35d127445511bdc0d7930066_800.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/picture>\n<figcaption><span id=\"urn:enhancement-36e96\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> architecture is the best choice for IoT solutions<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n<p>A technical paper was presented at the 2019 <span id=\"urn:enhancement-67ede7fa\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> Italy conference by Fabrizio Granelli (<span id=\"urn:enhancement-21e4d99d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-organisation\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/university_of_trento\">University of Trento<\/span>) and Riccardo Bassoli (University of Dresden). It helped to explain the importance of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d2c36594\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> architecture through the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8dcc1084\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/radio\">radio<\/span>-access network and edge computing.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-f5b8bfa4\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> will incorporate several <span id=\"urn:enhancement-7c466486\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/state_of_the_art\">state-of-the-art<\/span> architectural and protocol approaches on top of its networking infrastructure in order to tackle the emerging need for improved flexibility and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-7a6e369f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/performance\">performance<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Such requirements lead to the emergence of two design options for its architecture: an evolution of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e3cad77b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/4g\">4G<\/span>-LTE standard IP architecture, and interaction of the core network functions using a Service-Based Architecture. This novel architecture allows for the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4996a046\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/system_integration\">integration<\/span> of the recent developments in cloud and mobile edge technologies, as well as leveraging energy efficiency and latency.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"53qk6\">5G application scenarios include vehicles and robots<\/h2>\n<p>The key approach to the coming revolution is <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c2ff915c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/network_functions_virtualization\">Network Function Virtualization<\/span>. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-3a8933c6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> is expected to support unprecedented requirements including very <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d2e82283\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/low_latency\">low latency<\/span> (in the order of 1 ms), high reliability, and the capability to offer access to distributed computation or storage facilities. These new characteristics are in addition to higher connectivity and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-42a409e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/bandwidth_computing\">bandwidth<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Several target scenarios and services include strict constraints in terms of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-51ae0bf5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/low_latency\">low latency<\/span> and extreme reliability, classified as URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications) services. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8e2fb705\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/vehicular_communication_systems\">Vehicular communications<\/span> and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4c673185\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/remote_control\">remote control<\/span> of robots or machinery belong to this class of services and are well-known 5G application scenarios.<\/p>\n<p>By virtualizing the key network, it is possible to detach software functions from dedicated hardware, with the advantage that one is then able to relocate or modify resources very efficiently and in real time. This emerging paradigm is what we define as NFV, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8fb20d88\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/network_functions_virtualization\">Network Function Virtualization<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>NFV leads to the definition of two next-generation paradigms: <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2025ad9c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/c-ran\">C-RAN<\/span> (<span id=\"urn:enhancement-8d4fb0f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">Cloud<\/span> Radio Access Network) and MEC (Mobile Edge Computing\/<span id=\"urn:enhancement-3f939db3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">Cloud<\/span>). Let&#8217;s take a closer look.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1h04k\">The Cloud Radio Access Network<\/h2>\n<p>Cells are becoming ever smaller in order to provide high <span id=\"urn:enhancement-466bed97\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/performance\">performances<\/span>. This creates problems in terms of both the cost of the equipment itself and its power supply. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-86e8eaca\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/c-ran\">C-RAN<\/span> represents a possible architecture with which future <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b14dee44\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cellular_network\">cellular networks<\/span> will tackle cost and energy consumption.<\/p>\n<p>Base stations are designed to handle the maximum traffic possible, not simply average traffic. This results in a waste of processing resources and power at idle times or when there is a low level of traffic.<\/p>\n<p>The majority of power sources don&#8217;t <span id=\"urn:enhancement-99a4689d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scale<\/span> according to the number of users or the amount of traffic. Therefore, a more flexible solution is required.<\/p>\n<p>The typical <span id=\"urn:enhancement-17c1c54f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/4g\">4G<\/span> RAN architecture in the eNodeB architecture contains both RF and processing capabilities. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e5adb14c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">Cloud<\/span> RAN separates the two components, putting processing units in a BBU (baseband unit) Pool and connecting to the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5c73267a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/remote_radio_head\">RRH<\/span> (Remote Radio heads). BBU pools are based on open platforms, and real-time virtualization technologies rooted in cloud computing achieve dynamic, shared resource allocation and support for a multi-vendor, multi-technology environment.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-a282b2b6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">Cloud<\/span> RAN enables large-<span id=\"urn:enhancement-a822884b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scale<\/span> centralized deployments, allowing hundreds of thousands of remote RRHs to connect to a single centralized BBU pool.<\/p>\n<p>A detailed <span id=\"urn:enhancement-cf31844e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/end-to-end_principle\">end-to-end<\/span> mathematical framework has recently been developed at the CINT research unit in Trento, in order to study the potential benefits of 5G.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"61qsb\">Mobile Edge Computing, or MEC<\/h2>\n<p>MEC is a cloud-based IT service environment that runs <span id=\"urn:enhancement-dea108a9\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/application_software\">applications<\/span> closer to the customers. This way, latency and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f469f00b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/network_congestion\">network congestion<\/span> can be reduced, giving generally higher <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f29a2c2f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/performance\">performances<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>A MEC <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b381afdf\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/application_software\">application<\/span> is hosted in the distributed cloud of a MEC system. The application can belong to one or more network slices (i.e. virtual networks) that have been configured inside the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a8832e00\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> core network.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-8f1b77aa\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">Cloud<\/span> RAN and MEC represent a big step forward in the flexibility of the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e4908da5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span> network infrastructure, increasing <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f5f3ac17\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scalability<\/span> and service support.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-a14dacd7\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/edge_computing\">Edge computing<\/span> will be central to <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d4aab5ec\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/5g\">5G<\/span>, added Maurizio D\u00e8cina, president of Infratel, during the main conference. &#8220;If there are about ten core centers, we already see hundreds of regional <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c81f6383\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> centers and thousands of other dedicated <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2cf6b197\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> centers, a very large number for a nation like Italy&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-81fa3b2\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/edge_computing\">Edge computing<\/span> is nonetheless the key,\u00a0 in terms of both <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5e888ec7\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> ownership and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ce704604\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/performance\">performance<\/span>. &#8220;The edge computing approach, in fact, makes it possible to exploit the network at 70\/80%, where wasting huge amounts in core <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b580a5b0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-other\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> centers would be enormous&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><!-- strchf script --><script>        if(window.strchfSettings === undefined) window.strchfSettings = {};    window.strchfSettings.stats = {url: \"https:\/\/codemotion.storychief.io\/edge-computing-5g-performance?id=734147094&type=2\",title: \"5G: Edge computing is the key to performances\",id: \"66543c6c-96d5-4792-a44b-49339654b7a1\"};            (function(d, s, id) {      var js, sjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];      if (d.getElementById(id)) {window.strchf.update(); return;}      js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;      js.src = \"https:\/\/d37oebn0w9ir6a.cloudfront.net\/scripts\/v0\/strchf.js\";      js.async = true;      sjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, sjs);    }(document, 'script', 'storychief-jssdk'))    <\/script><!-- End strchf script --><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>5G is similar to cloud and Edge is its best arrow to target results for both humans and machines. Edge exploits the network&#8217;s potentialities.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":2259,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":3,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5244],"tags":[4268,74],"collections":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2258","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cloud","8":"tag-5g","9":"tag-network","10":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Edge computing: the key to 5G efficiency and performance - 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