{"id":269,"date":"2019-02-21T14:50:57","date_gmt":"2019-02-21T13:50:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/a-journey-riding-in-the-clouds\/"},"modified":"2021-12-23T14:26:34","modified_gmt":"2021-12-23T13:26:34","slug":"a-journey-riding-in-the-clouds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/devops\/cloud\/a-journey-riding-in-the-clouds\/","title":{"rendered":"A journey riding in the cloud(s)"},"content":{"rendered":"

T<\/span>he cloud computing panorama is a huge and messy collection of technologies, services and providers<\/span>. Building elastic distributed systems is fun but orientating such a vast environment can be quite challenging.<\/p>\n

Talking about some do’s and don’ts in cloud computing<\/span>, Suman Kumari<\/a> and Wamika Singh<\/a> from ThoughtWorks<\/strong> shared their adventure in migrating a monolithic application to the cloud at Codemotion Milan 2018<\/a>.<\/p>\n

ThoughtWorks was awarded by an Italian manufacturing company the task of re-engineering a multi-factory global scale application using an elastic infrastructure, delivering a proof of concept as soon as possible while keeping operational and maintenance costs low. The main objective of the project<\/span> was to achieve better insight on the production process by collecting, streaming and aggregating data produced at each plant.<\/p>\n

Another project requirement was to design a cloud agnostic application, to allow the integration of different cloud providers if needed.
\nKumari and Singh described their journey by talking about four main topics: the overall system infrastructure, the data<\/span> streaming architecture, the data retrieval system they used and the DevOps procedures they adopted.
\n <\/p>\n

Application Infrastructure<\/h2>\n

To run and deploy their services, ThoughtWorks went with the well-known and industry<\/span> acclaimed approach of containerisation. Containers<\/strong> are portable, safe and cost-effective so they quickly became the de-facto standard for cloud applications. In particular, ThoughtWorks decided to host their containers on a Kubernetes<\/strong> cluster to benefit from features<\/span> such as auto scaling, automated roll-outs and roll-backs, autodiscovery, etc.
\nThe infrastructure was created with Terraform<\/strong> on AWS<\/strong> and the Kubernetes cluster was provisioned using Kops<\/strong>.
\nA few YAML files later, the cluster was up-and-running.<\/p>\n

Data Streaming<\/h2>\n

Several services were evaluated to implement the data streaming infrastructure. In particular, they evaluated SQS<\/strong> and KINESIS<\/strong> from Amazon, before deciding to go with Apache Kafka<\/strong>. Using a custom deployed streaming platform rather than an hosted one allowed keeping the operational costs low without sacrificing performance<\/span>.
\nKafka was deployed on the Kubernetes cluster with confluent using the official Docker images.
\n 
\n\"\"<\/a>
\n <\/p>\n

Querying Service<\/h2>\n

For the querying service, ThoughtWorks went with Amazon Athena<\/strong>. Athena has a variety of built-in importers, supporting CSV, Parquet, JSON and others. It is based on the Presto<\/strong> engine and does not require extra ETL steps to run, as data<\/span> is stored directly on S3 buckets. As with many other serverless services, it has a low infrastructure cost as the client pays only for the queries he\/she runs.
\nAthena is interrogated by the application, written in Python, using the PyAthena<\/strong> interface library.<\/p>\n

Continuous Deployment<\/h2>\n

Adopting a continuous integration and deployment model is almost mandatory to maintain cloud applications, as they allow an effective improvement of the development team productivity.
\nThoughtWorks evaluated two on-premise solutions to implement CI\/CD pipelines for their application, comparing Travis<\/strong> and CircleCI<\/strong>. The latter was ultimately chosen for its better starting cost for enterprises.
\n <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\n <\/p>\n

Learnings<\/h2>\n

Although Athena was initially chosen for the development of a proof of concept, it showed its limits when used as a frequently accessed service. Athena doesn’t handle high concurrent loads. Since it is designed as a non-ETL service, it doesn’t cache data<\/span> and this may be inefficient in certain applications. ThoughtWorks ultimately decided to drop Athena and use RDS<\/strong> instead, developing a custom interface to RDS for Kafka and performing some pre-processing before dumping the raw data<\/span> to RDS. As the reader may expect, moving from many small Parquet files to a relational database<\/span> allowed a great performance improvement.
\nOnce again, serverless services are great and powerful, but choosing the one that fits a specific use case is a matter of both experience<\/strong> and good testing<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The cloud computing panorama is a huge and messy collection of technologies, services and providers. Building elastic distributed systems is fun but orientating such a vast environment can be quite challenging. Talking about some do’s and don’ts in cloud computing, Suman Kumari and Wamika Singh from ThoughtWorks shared their adventure in migrating a monolithic application… Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":270,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5244],"tags":[22],"collections":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-269","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cloud","8":"tag-codemotion-milan","9":"entry"},"yoast_head":"\nA journey riding in the cloud(s) - 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