{"id":3650,"date":"2020-03-19T14:30:00","date_gmt":"2020-03-19T13:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/?p=3650"},"modified":"2023-05-30T15:24:52","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T13:24:52","slug":"design-tokens-and-cross-platform-coherence-part-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/frontend\/design-ux\/design-tokens-and-cross-platform-coherence-part-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Design Tokens and Cross Platform Coherence &#8211; Part 3"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents uagb-toc__align-left uagb-toc__columns-1  uagb-block-2c1a3219 wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents uagb-toc__align-left uagb-toc__columns-undefined uagb-block-36682543-0239-498f-a8a6-02a973f14da3     \"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-scroll= \"1\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-offset= \"30\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTable Of Contents\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__list-wrap \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#design-tokens\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Design Tokens<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#using-pre-defined-transforms-and-formats\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Using pre-defined transforms and formats<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#building-custom-transforms-and-formats\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Building custom transforms and formats<\/a><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-design-tokens\">Design Tokens<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/dev-hub\/designer-cxo\/design-tokens-and-cross-platform-coherence-part-2\/\" class=\"ek-link\">previous issue of this series<\/a> of articles dedicated to &#8220;Style Dictionary&#8221; we have seen the ways in which token designs are managed and stored. The implicit use of the CTI structure (Category \/ Type \/ Item) still allows to organize the definitions and the values of the various design tokens, distributing them in various JSON files, in the most appropriate way for each project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we will see how Style Dictionary converts this set of design tokens into assets that can then be used in various platforms (web, Android, iOS, Sketch, &#8230;) and how this process can be customized or refined.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The transition from JSON files to assets goes through <strong>3 distinct phases<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Deep Merge<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transform functions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Format functions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The &#8220;Deep Merge&#8221; phase takes all files within path defined by &#8220;source&#8221; attribute in configuration and performs, literally, a merge of all tokens in a single object. Any property value collisions (i.e. the same token defined in multiple places) are detected, warning when the value of an existing token is replaced by a new value found in another source JSON file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the single object is ready, the Style Dictionary build system iterates over any &#8220;platform&#8221; declared in configuration and performs all transforms defined for the given platform and formats the transformed tokens, saving into files.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"577\" src=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Copia-di-banks-a03-sc01-1024x577.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3652\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Copia-di-banks-a03-sc01-1024x577.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Copia-di-banks-a03-sc01-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Copia-di-banks-a03-sc01-768x433.png 768w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Copia-di-banks-a03-sc01-896x504.png 896w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Copia-di-banks-a03-sc01-400x225.png 400w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Copia-di-banks-a03-sc01.png 1197w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Representation of Style Dictionary build chain, from tokens to assets<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Obviously, Style Dictionary provides pre-defined transform and format functions for common styles and platforms but allows to define custom functions too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-using-pre-defined-transforms-and-formats\">Using pre-defined transforms and formats<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s see a simple but concrete example of how Style Dictionary build system works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First of all, we start from a single JSON file that stores a single &#8220;color&#8221; token:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/elleuca\/87ae849303e1cad1bce5ed4a0a8bb745.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>\nNow, if we want to build a CSS file from this token we need at least:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>something to transform the token <strong>name<\/strong> to valid and meaningful &#8220;css variable&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>something to transform the token <strong>value<\/strong> to a valid CSS value for the <strong>color<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>something to save a <strong>valid CSS file<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Using predefined transform and format functions we can write the following Style Dictionary build configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/elleuca\/88fbbe7333a406ad665cd98a66048067.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>With this configuration and simply launching <code>style-dictionary build<\/code> we can generate the following CSS file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/elleuca\/9d4220dcd729d1782288aae73da8b98e.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<p> Style Dictionary provides many pre-defined functions, at least all the functions you need to transform and format your tokens safely and quickly for all common platforms. For example, the value transform function &#8220;<code>color\/css<\/code>&#8221; used in the previous example, converts a design token value that stores a color data into hex or rgb string depending on if it has transparency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-building-custom-transforms-and-formats\">Building custom transforms and formats<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What if you want or need some custom function? With a little JavaScript, it&#8217;s a breeze to provide your own transform or format.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s see an example. In a perfect world, CSS selectors can use any UTF-8 character, but by now you are limited to a-z, numbers, hyphens, and underscores. We can proudly declare this is boring with a custom Style Dictionary transform function!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to use custom functions, you need to write and execute through NodeJS some specific tasks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you save the following file as build.js and execute it with <code>node build.js<\/code>, everything goes as before (in fact, we are building the same tokens with the same configuration, just using a different &#8220;launcher&#8221;).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/elleuca\/1f754b4b7e54e958e63addca571eaf16.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>To apply a custom transform function we have to use it in &#8220;<code>transforms<\/code>&#8221; key of Style Dictionary configuration. So, replace &#8220;<code>name\/cti\/kebab<\/code>&#8221; with our (unimplemented by now) &#8220;<code>name\/bored<\/code>&#8220;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/elleuca\/1a4bc853ee84e3855ad1fce326304800.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>then modify our build.js file as following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/elleuca\/e3908e2c3fbfab4c2eb60825d439ef67.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>Voil\u00e0! A bored CSS variable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script src=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/elleuca\/746d9e85da15771c1dd15a219736e608.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<p>This ends our introductory journey in Style Dictionary and design tokens, any additional follow-up may depend on actual styles and need of a real life project. But fear not: just head your browser to <a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.github.io\/style-dictionary\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\" class=\"ek-link\">Style Dictionary website<\/a> for more info and \u2026 start to bridge your gap between design and development \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Design Tokens In the previous issue of this series of articles dedicated to &#8220;Style Dictionary&#8221; we have seen the ways in which token designs are managed and stored. The implicit use of the CTI structure (Category \/ Type \/ Item) still allows to organize the definitions and the values of the various design tokens, distributing&#8230; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/frontend\/design-ux\/design-tokens-and-cross-platform-coherence-part-3\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":3653,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[4,4257],"collections":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3650","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-design-ux","8":"tag-codemotion-rome","9":"tag-user-experience","10":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Design Tokens and Cross Platform Coherence - Part 3 - Codemotion Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What are design tokens and what role do they play in cross-platform coherence? 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