{"id":8657,"date":"2020-09-09T10:21:40","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T08:21:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/?p=8657"},"modified":"2021-08-09T10:54:27","modified_gmt":"2021-08-09T08:54:27","slug":"sdn-iot-deployments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/backend\/sdn-iot-deployments\/","title":{"rendered":"How Has Software-defined Networking Transformed Mass IoT Deployments?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-table-of-contents uagb-toc__align-left uagb-toc__columns-1  uagb-block-0600f173      \"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-scroll= \"1\"\n\t\t\t\t\tdata-offset= \"30\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTable Of Contents\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uagb-toc__list-wrap \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#sdn-architecture\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">SDN Architecture<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#traditional-internetworking\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Traditional internetworking<\/a><ul class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#sdn-benefits-for-mass-iot-deployments\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">SDN Benefits for Mass IoT Deployments\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#what-more-does-the-book-explore\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">What more does the book explore?\u00a0<\/a><li class=\"uagb-toc__list\"><a href=\"#summary\" class=\"uagb-toc-link__trigger\">Summary<\/a><\/ul><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<p><strong><span id=\"urn:enhancement-b1a4c14\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">Software-defined networking<\/span> <\/strong>(<span id=\"urn:enhancement-358237cd\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span>) is a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-41dd457c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/method_computer_programming\">method<\/span> of decoupling the software and algorithms that define the networking <span id=\"urn:enhancement-947c3c5b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/routing_control_plane\">control plane<\/span> from the underlying <span id=\"urn:enhancement-282b3f43\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span> that manages the forwarding plane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-826e0686\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> provides the industry methods to <strong>build, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a58d7301\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scale<\/span>, and deploy significantly complex <span id=\"urn:enhancement-146def44\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/network_architecture\">network architecture<\/span> in a very flexible manner<\/strong>. Preceding all, this greatly reduces enterprise cost in <span id=\"urn:enhancement-66c93d9b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/telecommunications_network\">network infrastructure<\/span> since most of the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-59e21249\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/server_computing\">services<\/span> can run in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/tag\/cloud-computing\/\"><span id=\"urn:local-annotation-370497\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">cloud<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>This article is an excerpt from the book <\/em><a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/IoT-Edge-Computing-Architects-communication-ebook\/dp\/B0851D8ST8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>IoT and Edge Computing for Architects, Second Edition<\/em><\/a><em> by Perry Lea \u2013 a completely revised and expanded edition that not only encompasses the entire spectrum of IoT solutions, from <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d537a9e6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/sensor\">sensors<\/span> to the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-76b04208\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">cloud<\/span> but also explores the latest advancements such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/articles\/news\/edge-computing-and-ai-7-things-to-know-the-enterprisers-project\/\"><span id=\"urn:local-annotation-969168\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/edge_computing\">edge computing<\/span><\/a> and modern sensor systems.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-7582841\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> is important for<strong> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bf42cd86\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> deployments<\/strong> and should be considered when dealing with <span id=\"urn:enhancement-74a4c8f5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">devices<\/span> that must be segregated for security or <span id=\"urn:enhancement-128a62be\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/performance\">performance<\/span> reasons. For example, a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2a3d810a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/mobile_computing\">mobile<\/span> and moving edge system that is <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b7e6fb07\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> capable can establish a secure cloud <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1365b32d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> host.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The edge system can move between different carriers and communication systems but always maintain a static <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bd7c65d1\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_protocol\">IP<\/span> address to the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-308c8e58\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet\">Internet<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sdn-architecture\">SDN Architecture<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The journal article &#8220;<span id=\"urn:enhancement-8b82f9fe\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software\">Software<\/span>-Defined <span id=\"urn:enhancement-7abdd39e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/telecommunications_network\">Networking<\/span>: A Comprehensive Survey&#8221; by D. Kreutz et al. defines <span id=\"urn:enhancement-58a6d67c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> as having four characteristics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The <strong>control plane is decoupled from the data plane<\/strong>. Data plane hardware becomes simple packet-forwarding devices.<\/li><li><strong>All forwarding decisions are flow-based rather than destination-based<\/strong>. A flow is a set of packets that match a criterion or filter. All packets in a flow are treated with the same forwarding and service policies. Flow programming allows for easy scaling and flexibility with virtual switches, firewalls, and <span id=\"urn:local-annotation-398391\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/middleware\">middleware<\/span>.<\/li><li>The control logic is also known as the <strong>SDN controller<\/strong>. This software version of legacy hardware is capable of running on commodity hardware and cloud-based instances. Its purpose is to command and govern the simplified switching nodes. The reach from the SDN controller abstraction to the switching nodes is the southbound interface.<\/li><li><strong>Network application software can reside over the SDN controller through a northbound interface<\/strong>. This software can interact with and manipulate the data plane with services such as deep packet inspection, firewalls, and load balancers.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>An <span id=\"urn:enhancement-998e7ced\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span>&#8216;s <span id=\"urn:enhancement-7413d6ef\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/infrastructure\">infrastructure<\/span> is similar to a traditional network since it utilizes similar <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d4162536\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span>: switches, routers, and middleboxes. The principal difference, however, is that an <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f9ab4d14\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> utilizes the fast <span id=\"urn:enhancement-19f04617\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/server_computing\">server<\/span>-class off-the-shelf <span id=\"urn:enhancement-128ab8d9\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_performance\">computing power<\/span> without complex and unique <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ad89584f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/embedded_system\">embedded<\/span> control <span id=\"urn:enhancement-67c01a83\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These <span id=\"urn:enhancement-3ee2e526\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/server_computing\">server<\/span> platforms are usually in the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-410b7aa5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">cloud<\/span> performing network services in <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f44ac42c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software\">software<\/span> rather than custom <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2d7aa3d7\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/application-specific_integrated_circuit\">ASICs<\/span>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>edge routers<\/strong> are essentially dumb without autonomous control. The <span id=\"urn:enhancement-111a3848\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> architecture separates the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-aee1da61\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/routing_control_plane\">control plane<\/span> (the logic and function control) and the data plane (that executes <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d6460960\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/datapath\">datapath<\/span> decisions and forwards traffic). The data plane consists of routers and switches that have an association with an <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ca688eed\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> controller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Everything above the data plane forwarding <span id=\"urn:enhancement-32067191\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span> typically can reside in the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8bd7df18\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">cloud<\/span> or on private <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a3b13f57\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data_center\">data center<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ee2594de\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span>, as shown in the following figure:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"879\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image1-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image1-1.png 879w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image1-1-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image1-1-768x502.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 879px) 100vw, 879px\" \/><figcaption>Typical SDN architecture abstraction<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The illustration shows simplified <span id=\"urn:enhancement-889ce788\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/packet_switching\">switching<\/span> and forwarding nodes that reside on the data plane and marshal information along prescribed paths determined by an abstracted <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f3dd7c68\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> controller that can live in a cloud instance. The <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c7cc6ba5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> controller manages the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4f03702a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/routing_control_plane\">control plane<\/span> via a southbound interface to the forwarding <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d63f9a19\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/node_networking\">nodes<\/span>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Network <span id=\"urn:enhancement-99ca18f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/application_software\">applications<\/span> can reside on top of the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2b027f8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> controller and manipulate the data plane with services such as threat monitoring and intrusion detection. These services typically require custom and unique <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2965fae9\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span> solutions to be deployed and managed by the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2afc3b4b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/customer\">customer<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-traditional-internetworking\">Traditional internetworking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A typical <strong>internetworking <span id=\"urn:enhancement-326104b9\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_architecture\">architecture<\/span><\/strong> will use a collection of managed <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5c95a5f4\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span>\/<span id=\"urn:enhancement-e9853270\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/component-based_software_engineering\">software components<\/span> that are single-purposed and contain <span id=\"urn:enhancement-84fcc56d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/embedded_system\">embedded<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2218d80b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software\">software<\/span>\/solutions. Often, these use no-commodity <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9f9786b1\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span> and dedicated <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2e120184\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/application-specific_integrated_circuit\">ASIC<\/span> designs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Typical <span id=\"urn:enhancement-904b30e3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/subroutine\">functions<\/span> include routing, managed switches, firewalls, deep packet inspection and intrusion detection, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-643548e2\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/load_balancing_computing\">load balancers<\/span>, and data analyzers. Such dedicated appliances need to be managed by the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a1b6964a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/customer\">customer<\/span> and staffed with trained network IT personnel to maintain and administer them.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These <span id=\"urn:enhancement-77327cc3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/component-based_software_engineering\">components<\/span> may come from multiple vendors and require significantly different <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f981ccd5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/method_computer_programming\">methods<\/span> of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5240992f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/management\">management<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c65d78fb\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_configuration\">configuration<\/span>, the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-68eed00a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> plane and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-55772fd8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/routing_control_plane\">control plane<\/span> are unified. When the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d60951ff\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/system\">system<\/span> needs to add or remove another <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bc0c6cd0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/node_networking\">node<\/span> or set up a new <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f470be4c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> path, many of the dedicated <span id=\"urn:enhancement-cf6f873a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/system\">systems<\/span> need to be updated with new <span id=\"urn:enhancement-347f23e6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/virtual_lan\">VLAN<\/span> settings, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e5af0995\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/quality_of_service\">QoS<\/span> parameters, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e9cfc9c4\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/access_control\">access control<\/span> lists, static routes, and firewall pass-throughs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This may be manageable when dealing with several thousand endpoints. However, when we <span id=\"urn:enhancement-62747bf\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scale<\/span> to millions of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-3070cf35\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/node_networking\">nodes<\/span> that are remote, moving and connecting\/ disconnecting, such traditional <span id=\"urn:enhancement-571fcf4\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/technology\">technology<\/span> regularly becomes untenable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"946\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image2-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8661\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image2-1.png 946w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image2-1-300x108.png 300w, https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image2-1-768x277.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 946px) 100vw, 946px\" \/><figcaption>Traditional networking components. In a typical inter-networking scenario, systems providing services such as security, deep packet inspection, load balancing, and metric gathering require custom vendor hardware and management systems. This introduces difficulty in management and scaling for large installations, remote devices, and moving systems since the control and data planes are uni\ufb01ed.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sdn-benefits-for-mass-iot-deployments\">SDN Benefits for Mass IoT Deployments&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f8a9667b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> model of networking should be considered for <strong>mass <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4cd9a8a2\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> deployments<\/strong>, especially when a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-6f9a287\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/customer\">customer<\/span> needs to establish the provenance and security of a wide <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9e6b9cfc\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software_deployment\">deployment<\/span> of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9fb51510\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/node_networking\">nodes<\/span>. An architect should consider the following situations when using an <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ab691c75\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span>:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Servers and data centers that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/dev-hub\/machine-learning-dev\/iot-edge-ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IoT edge devices<\/a> must communicate with can be thousands of miles away.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The <strong>scale<\/strong> of IoT growth from millions of endpoints to billions of endpoints needs appropriate scaling technologies outside of the hub-and-spoke model of current Internet infrastructure.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>There are numerous aspects of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b2b9b2bc\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">Software-defined networking<\/span> that make it suitable for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-71242ec\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> deployments. However, there are three primary sides to <span id=\"urn:enhancement-48fcbbc3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> that play a crucial role:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-service-chaining\">Service chaining&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This allows a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4532decf\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/customer\">customer<\/span> or provider to sell services \u00e0 la carte. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-73018c8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">Cloud<\/span> network services such as firewalls, deep packet inspection, VPNs, authentication services, and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1e990a38\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/policy\">policy<\/span> brokers can be linked and used on a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-6f7c3b13\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/subscription_business_model\">subscription<\/span> basis. Some <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a5657531\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/customer\">customers<\/span> may want a full set of features, others may not choose any or may change their <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1a624119\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_configuration\">configuration<\/span> routinely. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c5969180\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/server_computing\">Service<\/span> chaining allows for significant flexibility in <span id=\"urn:enhancement-417245c5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software_deployment\">deployments<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dynamic-load-management\">Dynamic load management<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>An <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d4acb226\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> enjoys the flexibility of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-93fce1db\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">cloud architecture<\/span>, and by <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1395e292\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/design\">design<\/span> it can <span id=\"urn:enhancement-867d6518\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scale<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e3d727c8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/resource\">resources<\/span> dynamically depending on load. This type of flexibility is crucial for the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ee7f35ca\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> as architects need to plan for capacity and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bb8dad7\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scale<\/span> as the number of things <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2722b775\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/exponential_growth\">grows exponentially<\/span>. Only virtual networking in the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-7a739e02\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/cloud_computing\">cloud<\/span> provides the ability to <span id=\"urn:enhancement-3952a3e3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/scalability\">scale<\/span> capacity when needed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An example of this would be people-tracking at amusement parks and other venues. The number of people varies depending on the season, time of day, and weather. A dynamic network can adjust to the number of visitors without any change to the provider&#8217;s <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8fdca2b6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/computer_hardware\">hardware<\/span>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-bandwidth-calendaring\">Bandwidth calendaring&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This allows an operator to partition <span id=\"urn:enhancement-aecceda8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> bandwidth and usage to specified times and days. This is pertinent to <span id=\"urn:enhancement-49f0673e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> as many edge <span id=\"urn:enhancement-212a398c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/sensor\">sensors<\/span> only report <span id=\"urn:enhancement-781653e8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/data\">data<\/span> periodically or at a certain time of day. Sophisticated bandwidth sharing algorithms can be constructed to time slice capacity.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Later in the book (chapter 13) <span id=\"urn:enhancement-7d95e04a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> and Edge Security, will explore <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a9790040\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software\">Software<\/span>-Defined Perimeters (SDPs) as another example of network function <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ddeaf342\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/virtualization\">virtualization<\/span> and how it can be used to create micro-segments and device isolation, which is critical for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-26b36e2\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-aa423d30\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/security\">security<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-more-does-the-book-explore\">What more does the book explore?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In one of its chapters, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/IoT-Edge-Computing-Architects-communication-ebook\/dp\/B0851D8ST8\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>IoT and Edge Computing for Architects, Second Edition<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em>sheds light on <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4c595d46\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software\">Software<\/span>-Defined Perimeters (SDPs) as another example of network function <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ddeb670a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/virtualization\">virtualization<\/span> and how it can be used to create micro-segments and device isolation, which is critical for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-abac1660\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-37b26dd6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/security\">security<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-summary\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we first looked at the situations where an architect should consider using SDNs. Once we covered the suitable conditions, we moved on to the three major aspects of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-693058a8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/software-defined_networking\">SDN<\/span> that make it essential and impactful for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-12e6deae\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> deployments. Further, we came to know that there are other examples of network function <span id=\"urn:enhancement-10c4224f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/virtualization\">virtualization<\/span> that aspiring architects should explore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-about-the-author\">About the Author<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Perry Lea<\/strong> is a 30-year veteran technologist. He spent over 20 years at <span id=\"urn:enhancement-3bc98350\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/hewlett-packard\">Hewlett-Packard<\/span> as chief architect and distinguished technologist of the LaserJet business. He then led a team at Micron focusing on emerging compute using in-memory processing for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-397ad873\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/machine_learning_2\">machine learning<\/span> and computer vision. At Cradlepoint, he pivoted the company into 5G and the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9ce350ad\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span>. He then co-founded Rumble, an industry leader in edge\/<span id=\"urn:enhancement-a8b93e7b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/internet_of_things\">IoT<\/span> products. He is the principal architect for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-73a9b171\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-organization\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/microsoft\">Microsoft<\/span>\u2019s <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5868418\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/xbox_console\">Xbox<\/span> business and works on emerging <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c9fd7127\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"http:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl01770\/entity\/technology\">technologies<\/span> and hyper scale game streaming, and has authored 40 patents, with 30 pending.<\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Software-defined networking (SDN) is a method of decoupling the software and algorithms that define the networking control plane from the underlying hardware that manages the forwarding plane. SDN provides the industry methods to build, scale, and deploy significantly complex network architecture in a very flexible manner. Preceding all, this greatly reduces enterprise cost in network&#8230; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/backend\/sdn-iot-deployments\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":109,"featured_media":8662,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[3357],"collections":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-8657","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-backend","8":"tag-iot","9":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How have mass IoT deployments changed in 2020 - Codemotion<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Where should an architect consider using SDNs for IoT deployments? We explore the suitable conditions and the major aspects that make SDN so impactful.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/backend\/sdn-iot-deployments\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Has Software-defined Networking Transformed Mass IoT Deployments?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Where should an architect consider using SDNs for IoT deployments? We explore the suitable conditions and the major aspects that make SDN so impactful.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/backend\/sdn-iot-deployments\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codemotion Magazine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Codemotion.Italy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-09-09T08:21:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-08-09T08:54:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.codemotion.com\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/iprw3hyruolge7uj9ies.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Perry Lea\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CodemotionIT\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CodemotionIT\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Perry Lea\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Perry Lea\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/449bc1142abcdce76381e0a691941a46\"},\"headline\":\"How Has Software-defined Networking Transformed Mass IoT Deployments?\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-09T08:21:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-09T08:54:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1425,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/iprw3hyruolge7uj9ies.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"IoT\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Backend\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/\",\"name\":\"How have mass IoT deployments changed in 2020 - Codemotion\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/backend\\\/sdn-iot-deployments\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.codemotion.com\\\/magazine\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/iprw3hyruolge7uj9ies.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-09T08:21:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-09T08:54:27+00:00\",\"description\":\"Where should an architect consider using SDNs for IoT deployments? 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